Purananooru - 331 to 340 (English Translation)

331. A Song Written By Uraiyoor Mudhu Kooththanaar

Our leader has small villages where there are wells built out of bricks and people who have hunting as their profession. Though he is poor now , he has the ability to bring the things which are needed fast in the evening like the shepherd who makes fire by cherning the fire making stick. He will sit under the big pandhal and give things according to their standards like the homemaker serves food knowing the capacity of the people. When he is rich he will serve food in large quantity.

332. A Song Written By Viriyoor Nakkannanaar

The vel of the brave man of this village is not the vels of others. It has unique greatness. Some times it will be inserted in the roof of the hut with dust. Some times it will go in a procession after washed cleanly in the pools which have clear water , adorned with garlands when the ladies sing, playing yaazhs so that the enemies fear. It will attack the face of the enemy's elephant without fail.

333. The Name Of The Poet Is Not Known

The small rabbit which has bubbles like eyes and black mane will jump and play in the small bushes. In those villages , though the people are poor so that they cannot hospitalize saying 'eat'. You stay there and then go. Oh scholars! If you stay there , the homemaker will not allow you to go with empty stomach though the varahu and thinai have run out by giving them to the beggars to eat. Though she cannot borrow from her neighbour, she will dig the thinai which is kept for sowing in the mortor , cook it and make you eat. Though the kings come with their warriors to their home, they will also eat this food. The gifts given by the king are the things got by winning the enemies.

Note: Lines 14 & 15 of this song are incomplete.

334. A Song Written By Madhurai Thamizh Kooththanaar

Beautiful field. Attractive , beautiful water sources. There the small rabbits which have hair spread body, small legs and long ears afraid of the noise created by the small boys plating in the common place ran and hide themselves in the hay heap. The homemaker of this village has the hospitality of serving food to the Paanaas She never give up this hospitality. Her husband never hesitate to give the elephant's ornament worn on its forehead as gifts to the Paanaas.

Note: Lines 4, 5 & 9 of this song are incomplete.

335. A Song Written By Maangudi Kizhaar

There are no flowers better than kuravan, thavalam, kurundham and mullai. There are no foods better than varahu, thinai, kol and sebra beans . There are no better citizens than Thudiyan, Paanan, Paraiyan and Kadanban. There is no other god to be worshiped by sprinkling paddy except the 'nadukal' of the brave man who fought against the enemy, killed the enemy's elephant and died.

Note: The first line of this poem is incomplete.

336. A Song Written By Paranar

The king who had come for marrying the girl is an angry man. The father of the girl did not know that it was his duty to arrange for the marriage of his daughter. If it was like this , what would be the condition of the country? There would be a war. The elephants did not stand near the guarding tree to which they were tied up. They were trumpeting . The king's warriors and the girl's relatives kept mum. The ancient village had been affected very much. What a pity! No one was there to think good. The mother who had brought up her girl well could not understand the enmity that had been created there.

337. A Song Written By Kapilar

The lord of Sozhanaadu was powerful. He had worn sounding , brave kazhals. The beautiful lady with beautiful forehead had the hospitality of giving to those without saying 'no'. She lived in a house where there was the smoke of ahil. The kings who came with a desire to marry her hesitate to come in person. They feared to fight because they thought that the beautiful lady's relatives would refuse to give her in marriage. They tied up their elephants in the solai and fed them with rice balls. The brothers of the lady were brave men who had frightening appearance. If it is like this who can marry and embrace her chest which is adorned with ornaments and themal.

338. A Song Written By Kundroorkkizhaar Mahan Kannaththanaar

He is the lord of the Velir. In his land there are fields which are ploughed by the bullocks , houses filled with paddy, shining streets and flower rich solais. His village has the greatness like Aandhai's village Pondhai. He has much wealth got by conquering many wars. Though the three kings who wear neem flower, aaththi flower and palm flower come , the father of the girl will not give her in marriage if they do not ask him with politeness. Like the lonely boat which is tied among the field near the seashore, the girl is alone without none who come for demanding her.

339. The Name Of The Poet Is Not Known

The bullocks which crazed with the cows in the grass land rest under the shadow of the blossomed tree. The rabbits with long ears jump like the vaalai fishes in the pond when the shepherds throw the stick for plucking the mullai flowers. The ladies who had worn mehalai on their waists and bangles on their hands bathe in the sea , bathe in the ponds in the solais and pluck the neidhal flowers in the bnack water. The village people will pray for the health of the heroine , but the mischievous girl makes the kings fight and runs and hides herself.

Note: The tenth line of this song is incomplete.

340. A song Written By Alloor Nanmullaiyaar

She runs so that her leaf dress moves and collects the kunri which has ruby like red colour and has a black spot. If you ask who is that young beautiful lady, listen. If her brothers get ready with weapons for fighting none will stand against them. Her father has decided to give her in marriage to a brave king who has killed an elephant. Why do others wish to marry her?

Note: Lines 3, 5 & 6 of this song are incomplete.

Purananooru - 321 to 330 (English Translation)

321. A Song Written By Uraiyoor Maruththuvan Dhamodharan

The rooster which has dotted feathers,kaadai birds which are brought up for fighting ran after eating the white sesame which is dried in the front yard. When the kaadai birds try to catch the rats which have the ears like the kongu flowers in the thinai field, the rats hide themselves beside the thinai plants. In the middle of the thinai field there is a tree which has fruits which are tasty to eat. Oh Paanaa! You eat those fruits and quench your hunger.

322. A Song Written By Aavoorkkizhaar

The bullocks return with tiredness after plouging the field. The kalli tree has bivetted thorns which are like the horns of the bulls. Hiding under the kalli tree the rats come to eat the remaining thinai grains after the harvest. The children who have kattapult to catch the rats will make noise. On hearing that sound, the small rabbits will run so that the mud pots roll and break. On hearing the sound which arises in the sugarcane mill, the vaalai fishes jump up. The village where the brave man who has a vel will not allow the kings to sleep who have the fertile Marudhaa land.

323. The Name Of The Poet Is Not Known

The mother deer was caught by the tiger. There is no milk for its little fawn. The old cow feeds that fawn with kindness. Our leader has the quality of giving like the mother cow who helps the fawn like Paanaas. He won''t take his sword from its cover. He will take it to kill the elephant which has mortar like feet when the war comes. This is a village where that brave man who has a vel lives.

Note: The third line of this song is incomplete.

324. A Song Written By Aalaththoorkkizhaar

The hunter's children who has fearful sight like the male cat and having the bird's flesh smelling white mouth has the friendship with one another. They are awaiting for the rats which are in the burrows below the cotton plants with their bow made up of a tree and the arrows made up of oogam grass. The goats which eat the kumizha fruit has put their dung which look like the white seeds. The hero sits below the pandhal where he shepherd has lighted a lamp converse with many Paanaas. He will be the companion of the king when the king suffers in the war and he will also suffer.

325. A Song Written By Uraiyoor Mudhukannan Saaththanaar

On the barren land where the pigs roll and make it dusty the rain fall and fill it with water. The water which is stagnant in the pits become muddy by the cow which come to craze the grass . The muddy water is filtered and drunk by the people. The braves who killed the porcupine roast the flesh of the cut monitor in the front yard. The smell of the flesh will spread in the street. The children will play under the iraththi tree in the common place. This country has such front yard ,common place and safety places. It has the capacity to receive even the king's army and relatives coming. It has the giving quality.

326. A Song Written By Thangaal Porkkollanaar (Vennaahanaar)

The forest cat which has smooth feet stay near the fence in the night. The hen will be afraid of this and crow. It will wing it feathers and arise withering the garbage. It will remove its fear on seeing the ladies who are spinning and its rooster which has comb like the mulmurungai flowers, in the light of a small lamp. The children of the hunters do not go to far off places. They go to the bank of the pond nearby and catch the monitor. The heroine will cook the flesh of the monitor and serve it along with gruel mixed with curd and other tasty foods to the Paanaas and to their relatives. Her husband has a giving quality. He will give the golden ornament worn on the forehead of the elephant when he won the war.

327. The Name Of The Poet Is Not Known

If the varahu has grown plenty,people harvest it and let the bulls to thrush it and separate the grains. As the varahu which is grown here is small in quantity the youths separate the grains by their feet. The lenders have taken their part. The remaining is eaten by the Paanaas. To quench the hunger of the relatives who came to him,our leader will go to the rich men, explain his condition and will barrow varahu rice. When the kings come to fight, he has the power of winning them.

328. The Name Of The Poet Is Not Known

In the Mullai villages paddy will not grow. Only varahu and thinai grow there. The varahu and thinai rice ran out by giving to those who come with hunger. Oh Paanaa! Our leader will give curd, thodarei fruit,sour toddy, mutton pieces which were well cooked and the ghee mixed rice to eat. After you have eaten them , he will give you gifts in the front yard of the house sitting under the shadow of the thaalai tree where the rabbits eat the small mullai creepers. If you go to him , he will give you food and gifts.

Note: Lines 1,5,7,8,9,12,& 13 of this song are incomplete.

329. A Song Written By Madhurai Aruvai Vaanihan Ilavettanaar

It is a small village. There are small houses. In those houses, there are toddy filled pots. In the morning the people of the village wash the 'nadukals', give offerings and light the lamps with ghee. The smoke of the lamps spreads sweet smell in the streets. It spreads like the clouds. It is a safe place where enemies fear to come. It is like a burrow where the snakes with lines live. There lives a leader who gives to the people who come with hunger without saying “No”.

330. A Song Written By Madhurai Kanakkaayanaar

When the front portion of his king's army is destroyed, he will draw his sword and prevent the advancing enemy army. He is like the shore to the sea. Though he has a little wealth , he will give to those who come singing about him.

Purananooru - 311 to 320 (English Translation)

311. A Song Written By Awvaiyaar

There is no one to help our king who removed the sorrows of many. He heard the sufferings of many in the front yard. So his white dress washed by the Pulaiththi get dirt by the street dust. Though there is none to help him, he has the braveness to prevent the weapons thrown by his enemies with his shield.

312. A Song Written By Ponmudiyaar

Giving birth and bringing up the child is the prime duty of the mother. Making him a scholar is the duty of the father. Making vel and other weapons for him is the duty of the blacksmith. Making him to go in the righteous path is the duty of the king. To use the shining sword, to kill the enemy's elephant and to return with success is the duty of the bull like youth.

313. A Song Written By Maangkudikkizhaar

He is the lord of a fertile land which has many forest ways. Though he is powerful, though he has not much wealth, he will give chariots to those who come with a desire to meet him. Though his country has the fertility like that of a country where the salt merchants loaded carts go, it is not a country which is blamable. His aim is to help all for ever.

314. A Song Written By Iyoor Mudavanaar

He is the family leader who is like a lamp which gives light to the house. He is the kind husband of the lady who has shining forehead , He is the guard to his warriors in the war field. He who has a vel is a citizen of a small village where there are “nadukals” and gooseberry trees. He has the strength to prevent the enemies' armies which come with flags. He will save his king when he was in suffering in the war field.

315. A Song About Adhiyamaan Nedumaan Anji

Adhiyamaan will give to others and eat the remaining. If he has not much, he will give to others and he will not eat. He has the quality of giving more to others than giving to his relatives. Though those who come to him are foolish, he will receive them with kindness and eat with them. He will be their companion. He will be calm like the stick which makes the fire in the eave. He will be like the fire which arises when it is cherned, in the battle field.- Awvaiyaar

316. A Song Written By Madhurai Kallil Kadaiyaththan Vennaahanaar

He who sleeps on the uncleaned front yard after killing the enemy who has an elephant army, and drinks much toddy is our leader. We are the Paanaas who sing about his fame. Yesterday, in order to help those who come singing about his fame, he pledged sword and helped them. You don't think that we cannot get anything if we go to him now. I bet this on my yaazh. You go to him so that the Paadini wear golden ornaments and you feel happy in bearing vessels which are filled wit toddy.

317. A Song Written By Vempattroor Kumaranaar

He is the brave leader who has a victorious vel. He is lying down on the floor of the front yard, after he has drunk much toddy. What a brave leader he is! He has the hospitality of giving food and sleeping places to us and to the poets like us. Is it fair to allow him to lay on the floor? Please give him the leather of the deers , mats or any other carpet for him to sleep.

Note: Lines 1, 5 &6 of this song are incomplete.

318. A Song Written By Perungkundroor Kizhaar

When he is in suffering in the war,, his village will suffer because of hunger. I will have the new income so that the sparrow will eat the paddy with its mate and live happily in its nest which is built in the eave.

319. A Song Written By Aalangkudi Vanganaar

There is a little red coloured muddy water brought from the pond in the big pot which is kept in the front yard. Though it is muddy , it is suitable for drinking. As the evening has gone and the night has come it is not possible to catch the birds which come to eat the thinai grains by spreading them in the front yard and cook them as food. We have the roasted flesh of the rabbit now. We will give it . Come, eat and quench your hunger. Come and sit inside our house. Oh wise Paanaa! The leader of our village where the children tie up the young calves of the forest cow which has bent horns to their chariot and play. Yesterday he went to the war field according to the order of the king. He will come tomorrow. On his arrival , he will give golden garlands to your wife and golden lotus flowers to you. So you don't worry.

320. A Song Written By Veerai Veliyanaar

As the munnai creepers and musundai creepers are spread in the front yard there is necessity for making a separate pandhal for shadow. The lord who has come after hunting sleeps under the jack tree with fruits. His wife who came to awake him, kept quiet on seeing the male deer playing with its mate happily. She feared that the deers would run away on hearing the waking sound of her husband and stood aside quietly. She had spread the thinai grain on the leather of the deer. Like the birds which come and eat them, you and your relatives come, eat the roasted aaral fish and mutton with joy, stay and then go. Oh Paanaa! Our village is such a village where there is a patron who gives the tributes of the enemies. Our king gives wealth to those who come to him to get gifts.

Purananooru - 301 to 305 (English Translation)

301. A Song Written By Aavoor Moolangkizhaar

Oh scholars ! Oh scholars! Oh scholars in the army camp which is fenced with thorns and had noise! The war drum is sounding. You save your king who is the leader of the army, save the elephants having sharp and shining tusks. Is it happens elsewhere trying to attack one who does not come to war? Our leader never attacks those who haven't boldness to face him in the war. So avoid the thought that you are many and strong. He has gone to his palace riding on his horse. He will come tomorrow. He will attack only your leader on the elephant. He won't attack others. So oh scholars! Come out of the army camp and get ready for the war. Ask your leader to fight with our leader. Ask him not to hide in the army camp.

302. A Song Written By Veripaadiyakaamakkanniyaar

The horses ran fast like the released bent bamboos. The golden flowers adorn the hair of the ladies. The narandham garlands were given to the Paanaas, He gave golden flowers and garlands to the Viraliyars and Paanaas. But he went to fight with those who saw him with anger. The elephants that he killed were more than the stars and more than the rain drops.

303. A Song Written By Erumai Veliyanaar

Our leader is coming on the horse to see his vel making wounds on the chests of the enemies. In the yesterday war he advanced through the enemy's army like a boat which is advancing in the sea and killed so many male elephants so that the female elephants wept in front of many kings. Think how will be the war today.

304. A Song Written By Arisil Kizhaar

To remove the trembling cold, drink the toddy and make the horses ready for the war. On hearing the vengeance that he will kill him the next day with his younger brother who killed my elder brother. He did not eat stomachful. He was selecting and making the horse ready for the war. His speech and deeds were not different. He will do what he says. So the enemy's army camp trembled with fear.

305. A Song Written By Madhurai Velaasaan

A young Andhanan who has a waist like the vayalai creeper and tired walk came to the king's palace in one night. He did not wait in the gate. He straightly went in. He did not speak much to the king. On hearing this, the ladder which was kept laid on the wall and the seepu which was kept in the gate were removed. His good words stopped the war which was about to happen between two kings.

Purananooru - 291 to 300 (English Translation)

291. A Song Written By Nedungkalaththupparanar

Oh little boys ! Oh  men who play thudipparai ! Oh Paanaas ! Drive away the black birds which are surrounding our leader and making noise. I will also drive away the foxes by singing vilarippan. Like me the king would have had this big sorrow. To the warrior who fought for the king , the king gave garland made up of several gems. He wore the single gem garland which was worn by the warrior.

292. A Song Written By Virichchiyoor Nannaahanaar

Don't get angry with him who refuses to get the arrack which is poured in a golden vessel for the king and stands holding his sword. Oh persons having a little knowledge ! Keep quiet.  In the battle field  he does not wait for his turn.  He wishes to go fast and to destroy the enemy's army.

293. A Song Written By Nochchi Niyamangkizhaar

The Valluvan on the elephant announces to start for the war. Even after hearing the announcement , some warriors  are inside the house. The brave men make loud noise so that  all the warriors go to the war. The flower maid  thinks that the ladies who are alone won't buy flowers and goes to other houses.  She  is pitiable.

294. A Song Written By Perunththalaichchaaththanaar

The white moon shines in the sky like a venkottrakkudai.  The warriors are looking  their weapons.  The warriors do not consider whether  they are enemies or friends. They call  those who lost their living days to fight with them. One of the warriors stands  boldly.  Like the persons who afraid to go near the gem spit by the snake, many warriors fear to go near him. Are you asking who is  that warrior ? He is none other than your husband.

295. A Song Written By Awvaiyaar

He fought with a sharp vel and advanced in the battle field.  He was attacked by the enemies and fell down .  On seeing his dead body, there springs the milk in the dried breast of the brave mother as he did not retrace in the war.

296. A Song Written By Vellai Maaranaar

All the houses are with noise. The ladies break the branches of the neem tree. They sing  kaanjchippan. They smoke white mustard. Though there is the sound of joy, the king has not come yet.  What is the reason for it ? Is he still fighting ?

297. The Name Of The Poet Is Not Seen

We won't like to get small villages where the deers sleep with their fawns. I t is apt for the warriors who stood  like the palm trees with vels on their chests to get fertile Marudhaa lands where the hens lay eggs in the bushes.

298. A Song Written By  Aaviyaar
My leader will give the sediment toddy to me and drink the clear toddy himself. In the war field , he won't ask me to first but he will go first and fight. What a braveness it is !
Note: The clear toddy will be less tastier than the sediment toddy. So the king gives the more tastier toddy to the warrior and drinks the less tastier toddy himself.

299. A Song Written By  Ponmudiyaar

There was a war between two kings. One of them was a petty king who had a land which had a fence of cotton plants. His horse had the husk of the black gram as its food. It advanced in the battle field like a boat advancing in the sea and killed the enemies. The great king's horses had ghee mixed rice. Their manes were cut and they were decorated with garlands. They stood like the women having monthly course stood aside the temple in the battle field.

300. A Song Written By Arisil Kizhaar

You are asking for a shield. Can you escape if you get a shield ? You cannot escape even if you hide yourself behind a rock. Yesterday you killed a warrior. His younger brother is coming with anger to kill you. He comes  to take revenge. Can you escape if you get a shield ?

Purananooru - 281 to 290 (English Translation)

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281. A Song Written By Arisil Kizhaar

Let us insert the leaves of irava tree and nrem tree at the eaves; play the yaazh. Let us play many such musical instruments. Let us apply ink to the eyes. Let us sprinkle white mustard. Let us blow the aambal tube. Let us sing kaanjchippan along with the sound of the bell. Let us smoke fragrant things . Come my kind friend. He is a warrior who got a big wound in his effort of saving the king. He has worn beautiful , brave kazhals. He got the wound for saving our king. So it is our duty to save him.

282. A Song Written By Seramaan Paalai Paadiya Perungkadungo

He is a strong person who did great deeds. His chest is pierced by the vel of the enemy. If you ask where is he now, he is not here now. His body is pierced by the weapons of the enemies and he is dead. His shield alone is in a ruined condition as it is attacked by the enemies' swords and vels. He is living in the poets' praising song.

Note: Lines 4,6 & 9 of this song are missing.

283. A Song Written By Ander Nadungkallinaar

The seal eats the vaalai fish as its breakfast. The crocodiles will eat the vaalai fishes thinking that they are the snakes. He is the leader of this Azhumbil village. He went forward to guard his friends and so many vels pierced his chest. His life was oscillating . The ladies with soft shoulders applied medicine to his wounds. He started wearing thumbai garland on his head and went to the war field .

Note: Seventh line of this song is incomplete.

284. A Song Written By Oram Pohiyaa

The messengers went and announced among the warriors the message given by the king to come to the war. He came wearing thread garland by walk. He pre4vented the enemies and killed an elephant with his sword. His sword became bent. He repaired it by sending it in between the tusks of the dead elephant. On seeing his strength one of the warriors ran back. He laughed on seeing the warrior running.

285. A Song Written By Arisil Kizhaar

Oh people in the army camp ! Oh people in the army camp ! The vel is in the hand of the thudipparai player. The shield is in the hand of the Paanan who plays the yaazh. Where is the leader of these weapons ? He is in between the dead bodies in the battle field. His garland is drying. His chest is pierced by the enemy's vel. The blood that comes from his chest makes the floor muddy. This news was announced to the king. The poets praised him saying that he had given a waste land as a gift to a poet who came with his relatives as he had already given all the fertile lands to others. On hearing this , the king who never bend his head to others bent his head.

Note: Lines 5 & 9 of this song are missing.

286. A Song Written By Awvaiyaar

The toddy which was given by the king had saved my son from being dead. The youngsters who gone with him all died but he came alive. What is the reason for this ? The king specially gave toddy to my son with his lucky hand. It is that fortune which saved my son from death.

287. A Song Written By Saaththandhaiyaar

Oh Pulaiyaa playing thudi ! Oh Pulaiyaa having a short stick. Though the arrows pierce like the rainy season rain , though the vels pierce like the kendai fishes, though the elephant comes to attack with its tusks, these brave men do not retrace. There is no use in getting Marudhaa fields as gifts. If these brave men die in the war field, they will marry the ladies of the heaven and get great pleasure. So see the arrival of the enemy's army.

288. A Song Written By Kazhaaththalaiyaar

Two brave bulls are allowed to fight. The skin of the won bull is used in the war drum. That drum is played in the in the battle field. The brave man whose chest was pierced by the enemy's vel, stood feeling shame. Blood was coming from his chest. His wife came and saw him. The eagles surrounded his body so that his wife could not embrace him.

Note: Seventh line of this song is incomplete.

289. A Song Written By Kazhaaththalaiyaar

The farmer who has the ability to differentiate the nature of the bullswill select the best bull to tie up on the plough. Like that when the toddy was given to him in a golden vessel, he asked to give it to the warrior near him. Oh Paanaa ! Leave wondering about it. The war drum is beaten . Get ready for the war.

290. A Song Written By Awvaiyaar

Oh king ! Give him first and then you drink the toddy because his father's father died for your father's father. He is also a strong warrior who can fight bravely. Like the umbrella made up of palm leaves saves a person from rain, he will save you from the enemy's vel. So give him first and then you drink.

Purananooru - 271 to 280 (English Translation)

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271. A Song Written By Kaamakkanniyaar

We see the leaves of the black nochchi become the dress of the beautiful ladies. Now as a leaf of it is worn by a warrior which is blood stained , the eagle comes and takes it away thinking that it is a piece of flesh.

272. A Song Written By Mosi Saaththanaar

Oh nochchi having a bunch of flowers ! You are the famous tree among the flowering trees. You are on the big wall of the town. You are at the waist of the ladies who worn bangles, as the dress. You have the right to adorn the head of the warrior who saves the fort wall. Oh great nochchi ! Let your fame long live !

273. A Song Written By Erumai Veliyanaar

The horse hasn't come. The horse hasn't come yet. All the horses of others have come. But the horse on which my husband rode has not come yet. Like the tree which falls because it prevented the flood of two rivers, the horse may fell being attacked by two armies.

274. A Song Written By Ulochchar

The warrior who wear beautiful blue colour dress on his waist and wear the garland with the feathers of the peacock , made the elephant fell by sending his vel. On seeing this the horse warrior of the enemy came to kill him. As there was no vel in his hand , he plucked the vel from his body and attacked him. He drew him with his hands , lifted his body, threw it on the ground and killed him. He took his dead body on his hands.

275. A Song Written By Orooththanaar

He does not like to wear bent garlands, soft dress and bring the king to his side saying what the king wishes. Like the elephant which is tied with chains tries to go forward, he rushes forward. Though the intestines of the dead warriors prevent the legs of the horses , they try to go forward. Like the mother cow hurries in search of its calf, he rushes to save his warriors. His braveness is great.

276. A Song Written By Madhurai Poodhan Ilanaahanaar

The hair has become gray because perfumes and oil are not applied. She is an old lady whose

breast is like the irava seed. Her son has entered into the enemy's army and frightened it. It is like a small drop of curd making the milk in a pot into curd.

277. A Song Written By Poongkanuththiraiyanaar

This old lady has gray hair which resembles the feathers of the stork. Her young son killed an elephant with a vel and died in the battle field. On hearing the news , she felt more joy than she got when she gave birth to him. Her eyes shed tears of joy which are more than the rain drops shedding down from the bamboo trees.

278. A Song Written By Kaakkai Paadiniyaar Nachchellaiyaar

This young boy is the son of the old lady whose nerves are visible and has thin shoulders. On hearing that her son has retraced in the battle field and died, she said that if it was true I would cut off my breasts which fed that coward. She went to the battle field with a sword and turned the bodies of the dead warriors. At one place she saw the dead body of her son with a wound on his chest. She felt more happy than she had felt when she gave birth to him. She forgot the sorrow of his death as he had died with a wound of greatness.

279. A Song Written By Okkoor Maasaaththiyaar

Let her mind be ruined. Her boldness is very great. She has the right of being praised as a brave lady of a brave family. In the first day war, her father died after killing the enemy's elephant. In the yesterday war , her husband rescued the cows and died in the fight against the enemies. On hearing the sound of the war drum , today she feels happy. She feels sad too. She has lost her father. She has lost her husband. She worried for a while and then came to a clear decision. She called her little son, dresses him with a white cloth, applied oil to his hair and tied it up. She told him to go to war field. What a brave lady she is !

280. A Song Written By Maarokkaththu Nappasalaiyaar

The wound on the chest of my leader is big. The beetles are making sound near my house in the day time. The lamps that were lighted in the palaces were put off. My eyes are sleeping. The owl is screeching . The ladies who ask about the future with paddy and water stopped their talk. Oh Paanaa ! Oh Virali ! What will be your condition ? You cannot live happily hereafter. To live a widow life is not possible for me too.

Purananooru - 261 to 270 (English Translation)

261. A Song Written By Aavoor Moolangkizhaar

Oh what a cruelty it is ! The door which is not closed to those who come for gifts and the front yard where arrack and rice which are rich are now like the boat which is in the river which is without water. Let my eyes which see this scene get tiredness. You gave the mutton which was fried in the ghee so that the eyes of the beggars expand with wonder and happy. But now ? You defeated many enemies who conquered cows. The battle field has the sound of the owl. You have become a “nadukal” so that the scholars put karandhai garlands on it. Your house looks like a lamenting widow.

262. A Song Written By Madhurai Peraalavaayaar

Pour much honey. Kill the goat. Spread the leaves on the small pandhal and spread the river sand under the pandhal. The warriors who come with our leader will be more tired than him. So arrange for a feast so that they eat it with joy.

263. The Name Of The Poet Is Not Seen

Oh Paanaa ! You are coming making sound on the drum. The enemies ran with fear when he fought with them. But he did not run and stood like a dam which prevents the flood. Now he has become a “nadukal”. You worship it and then go.

264. A Song written By Uraiyoor Ilampon Vaanihanaar

They have erected a “nadukal” on which his name was written. They have adorned it with garlands and feathers of peacock. The brave who recovered the cows from the enemies is not alive today. He is dead. He stands as a “nadukal”. Will the crowd of Paanaas come to get gifts from him singing about him?

265. A Song Written By Muhaiyaloor sorukayrnththumbiyaar

You are now a “nadukal” which is adorned with garlands made up of vengai flowers with leaves of the palm by the shepherds. O h lord having fast moving horses ! Your brave history, your rich wealth and your victorious fame also went with you.

266. A Song About Sozhan Uruvappahrer Ilanjchetchenni

Oh king you have a fertile land which is fertility even when the seasonal rain fails and even it is a hot summer. You have a horse army and a big victory. If an illiterate goes and requests to remove his ignorance, the scholars will help him. But I am living a mean life. I am not able to give food for those who come for it. Save me from this mean life.

267. This Song Is Missing.

268. This Song Is Missing.

269. A Song Written By Awvaiyaar

Oh king ! You have worn the punali flower garland on your dark hair. You drink toddy twice. When you are announced to get ready for rescuing the cows, you don't want to drink toddy ,but ask for the sword. Is itthis sword which killed the enemies and made them feast to the eagles ?

270. A Song Written By Kazhaaththalaiyaar

Oh mother of the youths having gray hair ! Oh lady belonging to a great family ! See my sorrow. See the battle field where the warriors were lying dead who come to fight . In this war your son was dead having a wound on his chest. He was a brave man. His efficiency is appriciable.

Purananooru - 251 to 260 (English Translation)

251. A Song Written By Maarippiththiyaar

We have seen ladies , who are like the kollippaavai, are in love with him. But today he who has such a handsome appearance , bathes in the water falls. He lights velvi fire in the logs brought by the elephant and dries his hair.

252. A Song Written By Maarippiththiyaar

Once he attracted peacocks like beautiful ladies like a hunter catching peacocks with nets.. Now he has hair without oil which has lost its black colour and looks like the thillai creeper as he bathes daily in the water falls. He is plucking the tender leaves of the thaali creeper.

253. A Song Written By Kulampandhaayanaar

You don't worry thinking about me. The young soldiers with kanni are still fighting , but you are lying dead alone. You tell me how can I convey the death news ? I am crying raising my hands ,which have no bangles , up like the young bamboo has lost its barks.

254. A Song Written By Kayamanaar

The young and old who have come to fight , have returned. You are lying dead. If I am crying beating my chest with hands without bangles, say this to the relatives . They will say this to your mother. Your mother always praises saying that my son will be my support who has wealth and fertility like a banyan tree which gives shelter to many birds. What will be her condition on hearing about your death? Alas ! Her misery cannot be measured. She cannot be consoled.

255. A Song Written By Vanparanar

My heart wishes to cry louder as you are dead. But I fear if I do so , the tiger will come and take your body. I am not strong enough to take your body from here. Let Yamaa who made me lament also lament. If you hold my hands and stand up , we can reach the shadow near the hill side.

256. The Name Of The Poet Is Not Seen

Oh man who is making mud pot ! The wheel of the cart goes round the axle. Like that , I followed my husband in the long life travel. Be kind enough to make such a big vessel which is capable of placing two bodies in. I wish I should be placed with the body of my husband.

257. The Name Of The Poet Is Not Seen

He will give sufferings to the enemies like the small stone which comes inside the chappal gives suffering. He has strong legs, beautiful stomach, broad chest, beard, cold eyes and cheeks which are up to the ears. He has a bow. He has never gone out of his village . He has o long forest fort. He pointed out the way where the cows of the enemies are going. He thought something in his mind. He changed the bow in his right hand to the left hand. That is all. His enemies are destroyed . Their cows become his property. How many cows ! But even then there is no sound of drawing milk. There is no cherning sound of the curd in his house . Why ? He did not have all the cows for himself. He has given all of them to others.

258. A Song Written BY Ulochchanaar

He drank much giving the big gathering of cows as price for the toddy. He ate tasty flesh. He rubbed his hand with the flesh at one side of the bow and started to seize the enemies' cows. He will bring a lot of cows before others drink one time. So don't touch the toddy pot. Close the toddy pot. He will come with an eager of drinking toddy.

259. A Song Written By Perumpoodhanaar

The cows go with the bull. The bow warriors do not follow them. They are hiding themselves in the bushes expecting those who come to take back them. It is not right for you to go not knowing this. If you wish to take back your cows which jump like the Pulaiththi who is caught by the goddess you don't go now.

260. A Song Written By Vadamodhangkizhaar

The Paanan suffers as the sorrowful vilarippan sounds in his yaazh. His wife comes with untied hair before him. He does not mind these. He worships the forest god and goes thinking whether he will meet the lord. Oh Paanaa ! Listen to me. You can plough the land which was given by him to you or you may decide to die. It is left to your choice. Our lord escaped from the enemies like the moon escaped from the snake. He reached his land and left his life as the snake removes its skin. Here he is standing as a “nadukal” on which his fame is written and which is adorned with the feathers of the peacock.

Purananooru - 241 to 250 (English Translation)

241. A Song About Aai Andiran

When Aai Andiran, who gave strong chariots to Paanaas and had golden garlands on his chest goes to the palace of Indhiraa who had worn shining diamond bracelets and had vachraayudhaa, there sounded the drums. The sound of the drums echoed in the heaven. -Eanicheri Mudamosiyaar

242. A Song About Ollaiyoor Kizhan Mahan Perunjchaaththan

Youth will not wear. Ladies won't pluck. The Paanaa will not pluck the flower with the help of the yaazh and will not wear. The Paadini will not wear. After the death of Valvel Saaththan, who had defeated his enemies , oh mullai ! Why did you blossom in Ollaiyoor ? -Kudavaayil Keeraththanaar

243. A Song Written By Thodiththalai Vizhuththandinaar

My condition is pitiable now. Once we made toys with sand, wore flowers to them and played with girls who bathed in the cold water. With innocent youths we climbed up the bent branches of the marudhaa tree which was near the pond and jumped into the water so that there arose a sound and the persons on the bank wondered, went down to the bottom, brought sand in the hand and showed it to the persons on the bank. It is an innocent period. Where did the period go ? To the old people who use walking sticks, cough, speak a few words ,getting the youth period again is impossible.

244. The Name Of The Poet Is Not Known

The beetles do not sound on the heads of the Paanaas as they do not wear any flower. The bangles do not adorn the hands of the Viraliyar ......
(This song is incomplete )

245. A Song Written By Seramaan Kottambalaththu Thunjchiya Maakkodhai

What a big sorrow ! I got a very big sorrow. Even though I did not die. In the burial ground , I burnt my life partner who was in my heart. I am living after burning her. What a life is it ?

246. A Song Written By Poodhappaandiyan Dhevi Perungkoppendu

Oh scholars ! Oh scholars ! Instead of saying to die with my husband , you are restricting me from dying with him. We are not the widows who eat the rice which is like the seeds of the cucumber with sesame chutney and velai greens and who sleep on the stones without any mat. The bed made up of logs in the funeral ground may make you sad . But for us those who lost our husbands , the lotus ponds and the funeral bed are the same.

247. A Song Written By Madhurai Peraalavaayanaar

The flock of deer sleep in the light of the fire lighted by the hunters. Monkeys also sleep. The sound of the drum will disturb their sleep. Perungkoppendu cannot bear a short period of separation of her husband. Now her husband's body is burning in the funeral ground . On seeing it her hair lies untied ans she will die due to the sorrow.

248. A Song Written By Okkoor Maasaaththiyaar

The small white lily is pitiable. You helped me to increase my beauty when I was young. Now as my kind husband has died , you are useful to me for eating. Oh lily ! You are also pitiable.

249. A song Written By Tumbaichchohinanaar

The aaral fishes hide in the mud. The vaalai fishes jump over the water. Fire like shining flowers are rich in the pond. The varaal fishes have eggs like the tender palm leaves. There are kayal fishes having vel like eyes. When he was alive, he had feasts with many. Today he is not alive. His wife who has chastity and kindness is washing the floor with tear mixed dung. What a pity it is !

250. A Song Written By Thaayangkanniyaar

The front yards of those who have the quality of giving to others prevent the beggars from going to others. The village has fertility. Now it has lost its beauty like a widow. The appearance of the village is like the appearance of the children after their father's death.

Purananooru - 231 to 240 (English Translation)

231. A Song About Adhiyamaan Nedumaan Anji

The body of Nedumaan Anji lies on the fire which is like the fire in the thinai field. Let the fire burn his body or raise up to sky. His moon like venkottrakkudai and sun like fame will not perish. -Awvaiyaar

232. A Song About Adhiyamaan Nedumaan Anji

There is no morning or evening. My living days are vain. To the “ nadukal “ on which the fame of Adhiyamaan is written, the feathers of the peacock are placed. They offer honey to the “ nadukal “. Alas ! Will he accept it ? Adhiyamaan did not accept even a big country given by others. Will he accept this honey offering ? -Awvaiyaar

233. A Song About Evvi

Won't it become false ? Won't it become false ? Like the news that Ahudhai has a golden wheel became false ,won't the news that was heard in this morning that Evvi who was the leader of the Paanaas had been attacked by many vels become false ? -Velerukkilaiyaar

234. A Song About Evvi

My sorrow makes me lament. Let my life time become short. His kind wife placed some food on the grass, that is placed on a cleaned place. How will Evvi eat this food ? He is great person who will be happy in sharing his food with many Paanaas in his palace. -Velerukkilaiyaar

235. A Song About Adhiyamaan Nedumaan Anji

When he gets a small quantity of arrack, he will give it to us. If he gets a lot of arrack , he will also drink it hearing our songs who have drunk the arrack. He will eat the large quantity of food with us. He will give all food with flesh and bones to us. He will fight with the enemies in the battle field. He will rub our heads which have the smell of the flesh with his hands which have the smell of narandham. The vel that pierced Adhiyamaan's chest has pierced the hands of the Paanaas and the tongues of the poets. Where is our life like leader ? Here after there will be none who give to those who come to get. Like the pahanrai flowers wither away without used for wearing on the hair, there are many who die without giving others who need it. -Awvaiyaar

236. A Song About Paari

Oh king of the land where the jack fruit left by the male monkey after eaten by it is used by the Kuravaas for several days. You have hated me and left me thinking that I am not apt for your kindness and friendship. You have left me to lament here. Am I not suitable for your kindness and friendship ? Let the good deeds help our friendship to continue in the next birth also like in this birth. -Kapilar

237. A Song About Vallal Velimaan

When I reached Velimaan's palace , the Yamaa who did not know the righteous way had taken Velimaan's life away. Like the fire coming from the rice pot instead of the rice coming from it the poor suffer as Velimaan has passed away. The ladies beat their chests so that the bangles like the plantain flowers get broken. The Paanaas are crying. Let the Yamaa who killed Velimaan live without disease. The tiger which sprang on the elephant for its food won't spring on the rat . Like the rivers that mingle with the sea , let us go to other kings and get gifts. Oh mind ! Arise with boldness. -Perunjchiththiranaar

238. A Song About Vallal Velimaan

The eagles and pohuvals will crow near the vessel in which the dead body will be placed. Velimaan who drank toddy with a desire has gone to the burial ground where the crows and owls roam with devils. Like his wives loose their brightness, the Paanaas and their relatives loose their beauty. The leather of the drums have torn. The elephants being without the mahouts have broken their tusks.. Not thinking that Yamaa will kill Velimaan too, I have come here. What will happen to my relatives ? The blind who is also a dumb , when the boat sank into the sea in the rainy season night, could not come to the shore himself and could not call others for help. It is better to die than to be live in sorrow. -Perunjchiththiranaar

239. A song About Nambi Nedunjchezhian

He married ladies who have worn bangles on their shoulders. He adorned their hair with flowers. He applied sandal to himself. He killed his enemies along with their relatives. He praised his friends. He never worshiped those who are strong. He never consider mean those who have no strength. He did not know the act of asking from others. He won't say “no” to those who came for getting gifts. He will sit in the courtyard with fame. He saved his country from the enemies. He had lead the horse army in the speed of the mind, sent chariots in the streets. He rode on the elephant . He gave several arrack pots to drink. He drove the hunger of the Paanaas. He spoke only good words. He did all the good deeds. If you cut off his head and bury it or burn it , his fame won't disappear. -Pereyil Muruvalaar

240. A Song About Vel Aai Andiran

The blind Yamaa has taken Aai Andiran , who gave horses, elephants and chariots to those who came singing about his country in large quantities , along with his wives to the heaven. In the burial ground, where the owls screamed , his body was burnt. The poets with dim eyes have to go to the neighbouring countries to get gifts as there is none to give them here. -Kuttuvan Keeranaar

Purananooru - 221 to 230 (English Translation)

221. A Song written By Poththiyaar

Kopperunjchozhan had the great fame of giving to those who came singing. He had a kind heart which gave the gifts to the Kooththars. He had ruled righteously so that the scholars praised him. He had friendship with scholars. He had a soft nature towards ladies, but he was strong to those who were strong. He was the refuge to the scholars. The Yamaa did not think all these and had separated him from us. Come. Let us fight with Yamaa. Our king has become a “ Nadukal “ . Oh poets ! Praise his fame.

222. A Song Written By Poththiyaar

Oh king having shining ornaments ! You have sent me saying that I should come after the delivery of my wife. Now my wife has given birth to a son. I have come in search of you. I am not a person without kindness. I have come to take part in “ Vadakkiruththal “. Oh king who like fame ! Which is my place ? Will you say it.

223. A Song Written By Poththiyaar

Oh king ! You were like a shadow to many, you gave, you showed your kindness and you were with great fame. Even after your death ,being a “ Nadukal “ you have showed me the place for “ Vadakkiruththal “. I have got the benefit of close friendship.

224. A Song About Karikaal Peruvalaththaan

The king had fought many wars , drank arrack with friends, saved the relatives of the Paanaas, done many velvies according to the saaththiraas and died The world which has lost him is pitiable. When there is a famine, the shepherds cut down the leaves and flowers of the vengai trees for their cattle
Then the trees will lost their beauty. Like the vengai trees, the ladies of Karikaalan have removed their jewels. -Karungkula Aadhanaar

225. A Song About Sozhan Nalangkilli

The warriors in the front portion of Nalangkilli's army will eat nungu. The warriors in the middle portion of the army will eat the fruit of the palm tree. The warriors in the last portion of the army will eat the roots ( tubers) of the palm tree. ( It means that Nalangkilli's army is very big.) Now his rule , braveness and victories have ruined. His land has kalli and it has become barren and thorny forest. When he was alive the enemies' sanhus hang like the nests of the thookkanaangkuruvi ( tailor bird ) are now sounding as the awakeing instruments. On hearing that my heart laments. -Aalandhoorkkizhaar

226. A Song About Sozhan Kulamuttraththu Thunjchiya Killivalavan

The Yamaa could not have killed Killi by fighting with angry. Killivalavan's braveness will become Yamaa to Yamaa himself. So Yamaa should have come to Killi like a Paanaa. He should have begged him and then should have taken his life. Otherwise he could not have conquered Killi who has won many battles and has strong chariot. -Maarokkaththu Nappasalaiyaar

227. A Song About Sozhan Kulamuttraththu Thunjchiya Killivalavan

Oh merciless Yamaa ! You are a fool. You have eaten the seed which is for sowing. You will understand the truth later. You have killed Killivalavan who had given you many lives as food . Who will give you food for your hunger here after ? -Aadudhurai Maasaaththanaar

228. A Song About Sozhan Kulamuttraththu Thunjchiya Killivalavan

Oh Velko who is making a mud pot ! Oh Velko who is making a mud pot ! I feel pity for you. Killivalavan who has ruled like the sun has gone to heaven. Can you make a vessel to cover his body ? If you wish, you have to use the world as a wheel, the Himalaya as soil . Then only you can make a vessel. Is it possible for you ? -Iyoor Mudavan

229. A Song About Kochcheramaan Yaanaikkatchchei Maandharanjcheral Irumporai

When a star fall down from the sky , we wish the king should live without any disease. The seventh day came. On that day the king's elephant died. The drum fell down torn. The venkottrakkudai fell down. The horses fell down without action. The king went to the heaven. He forgot us like forgetting his ladies. -Koodaloor Kizhaar

230. A Song about Adhiyamaan Ezhini

Adhiyamaan who had ruled righteous rule so that the people lived without the fear of the enemies died in the battle field. In his rule the cattle in the forest were fearless. The travelers were able to take rest in the places where they wished. The heaps of paddy were kept without guarding. On his death the people were like the children who lost their mother. Oh Yamaa. ! You are a fool like the foolish farmer who eats the seed for sowing, not thinking about the yield. You have killed Ezhini like that foolish farmer . If you have not killed him , you should have many feasts . You have missed the chance. -Arisil Kizhaar

Purananooru - 211 to 220 (English Translation)

211. A Song About Seramaan Kudakkochcheral Irumporai

On hearing the sound of the frightening thunder the cobra will lay its head down. Oh king having the ability of conquering the enemies ! I am a poet who came for getting gift from you. I sang about you thinking that you are a patron. You have cheated me/ My disappointment does not make you feel shame. You did not feel shy on hearing my praising song. You felt happy on hearing it daily. I am leaving with empty hands. Let you be well. The rats which scratched the wall died without food in our house. My wife will be expecting for me with our child which looks the breast of my wife which has no milk with a longing. I am leaving to see her. -Perungkundroorkkizhaar

212. A Song About Kopperunjchozhan

Are you asking who my king is ? I will tell. Listen. My king is Kopperunjchozhan who rules Sozhanaadu which has Uraiyoor as capital. Sozhanaadu has many farmers who drink sour toddy and eat tortoise's flesh. They also eat roasted aaral fish as their desire to eat is not quenched. Kopperunjchozhan is the enemy to the poverty of the Paanaas' relatives. He converse with Poththiyaar happily daily. He is our king. -Pisiraandhaiyaar

213. A Song About Kopperunjchozhan

Oh king having victorious fame ! Who are the two who have come to fight with you ? Think for a while. Who are they ? Are they Seraa and Paandiyaa who are your enemies ? You are not the enemy to them. When you go to the heaven , who will rule this country ? Your sons will rule it. Don't you know that ? If you defeat your sons in the war , to whom will you give the rule ? If you are defeated by them, the enemies will laugh at you. So give up the war. Your braveness will increase. Let your feet live live long. You do only good deeds. You will be the guest received by the Devaas happily in the heaven. -Pullaattroor Eyittriyanaar

214. A song about Kopperunjchozhan

Those who worry that they cannot do good things are not wise. The person who go on elephant hunting is brave. He can get an elephant in the hunting. One who spreads the net for catching kaadai may return with empty hands. Those who have good heart will reach the heaven. Though they do not go to the heaven ,they will not take birth again. If some one says that there is no rebirth , they will get the fame which does not disappear in this birth itself like the high Himalayas. So doing good things is good for everyone. -Pisiraandhaiyaar

215. A Song Written By Kopperunjchozhan

In the Paandiyaa country the farm maids give varahu rice with velai flowers and curd to those who pluck avarai. There is a small village called Pisir. There lives my close friend. Though he does not come and see me when I live with wealth, but he will certainly come in my last days when I am suffering.

216. A Song Written By Kopperunjchozhan

Oh scholars ! Don't suspect. You say that we both have friendship for several years without seeing each other. So you say that he won't come here . Pisiraandhaiyaar has sweet qualities. He never like the life which kills the fame. He will add fame to me by saying my name where he has to say his name. He is my kind friend. He will certainly come in my last days. So arrange a place for him near me.

217. A Song Written By Poththiyaar

It is such a wonder which cannot be thought. He is a king who lived with great fame. His act of “ Vadakkiruththal “ is wonderful. It is very wonder that a scholar from a foreign country come here due to his friendship and the Sozhaa's fore telling about his arrival. This world has lost a great person who had a place in the heart of a foreign country person. What a great sorrow is it ! What a pity is it !

218. A Song Written By Kannaahanaar

Gold, coral, pearl and precious stones are got in different places which are far away from each other. When the different things are joined and a garland is made, its greatness increases. Like this, the scholars who born in different places will join together. The means will join with the means only.

219. A Song Written By Karuvoor Perunjchadhukkaththu Poodhanaadhanaar

Oh great brave man ! You are under the shadow of a tree without eating the food. Are you angry with me ? Many have taken part in your “ Vadakkiruththal “ . But I do not take part in it. Is it the reason for your hatred ?

220. A Song Written By Poththiyaar

I weep like a mahout who feel sad on seeing the empty place where there was his elephant which was looked after by him for a long time. I weep because the palace of the Sozhaa king has lost him.